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詳細解析ALZET滲透泵的分類及使用優點
發布時間： 2021-01-21 點擊次數： 1869次ALZET滲透泵控釋制劑主要由藥物、半透膜材料、滲透壓活性物質和推動劑組成。滲透泵片是在片芯外包被一層聚合物構成的半透性衣膜，用激光在片劑衣膜層上開一個或多個適宜大小的釋藥小孔而制成。口服后，胃腸道內的水分通過半透膜進入片芯，因滲透壓活性物質使膜內溶液呈高滲，膜內外存在的滲透壓使水分繼續進入膜內，從而使藥物溶液或混懸的藥物從小孔泵出。常用的半透膜材料為醋酸纖維素。滲透壓活性物質起調節藥室內滲透壓的作用，其用量與零級釋藥時間長短有關，常用氯化鈉、乳糖、果糖、葡萄糖、甘露糖等。推動劑能吸水膨脹，將藥物層的藥物推出釋藥小孔，常用高分子量聚乙二醇等。除上述組成，滲透泵片中還可以加入助懸劑、黏合劑、潤滑劑、潤濕劑等。分類：ALZET滲透泵型控釋片一般由片芯和包衣膜兩部分組成，按照結構特點，可將口服滲透泵制劑分為初級滲透泵和多室滲透泵兩類。初級滲透泵片芯中包含藥物和促滲透劑，包衣膜由高分子材料（如醋酸纖維素）組成，包裹在片芯的表面。滲透泵片置于含水的環境中時，由于包衣膜內外存在滲透壓差，水分通過包衣膜后形成藥物的溶液或混懸液，在包衣膜內外滲透壓差的作用下，通過膜上的釋藥孔釋放。這種釋藥方式通常適用于在水中有一定溶解度的藥物。多室滲透泵制劑的片芯為雙層片，一層含有藥物及可溶解性輔料，另一層為遇水可膨脹的促滲透聚合物。這類滲透泵多適用于難溶性藥物滲透泵制劑的制備，釋藥過程由聚合物層膨脹產生推動力而將藥物混懸液推出釋藥孔。優點：1、滲透泵型控釋片以滲透壓為驅動力，以零級釋放動力學為釋藥特征，能夠在一定的時間范圍內以恒定的釋藥速率釋放藥物，釋藥速率一般不受釋放介質pH、攪拌速度以及胃腸蠕動、食物等因素影響，能夠在較長時間內維持恒速釋藥，減少用藥頻率。2、體內外相關性較好，可避免普通口服制劑造成的血藥濃度波動較大的現象，提高用藥的安全性和有效性。
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